Introduction:
Deforestation means the act of cutting down or burning the trees in large numbers in an area. It has been a global concern at present. Due to deforestation, many wild animals and birds have become extinct and many are on the way and we are heading towards a disastrous situation.
Causes of deforestation:
The causes of deforestation are many. The growing population is a constant threat to the forests as they need food and shelter. For this reason, they are cutting down trees indiscriminately all over the 'World. Every day the world is losing hundreds of acres of forest. There is a close relation between drought and deforestation. Regular drought is one of the pre-symptoms of deforestation. The other reasons for deforestation are: (a) too much pressure on grazing grounds, (b) excess cultivation, (c) soil erosion. The cumulative effects of all these factors expedite the process of deforestation.
Impact of deforestation:
Deforestation poses a great threat to the ecological balance. Due to deforestation carbon dioxide is increasing worldwide. As a result, the world is becoming warmer. The sea-level is rising and many parts of the world is going to be engulfed by the sea in recent future. On the other hand, new areas of the world are turning into deserts as result of deforestation. The removal of trees causes birds and other animals living on them to leave the place. It also causes serious damage to the soil, as trees give protection to soil as well. In the end, the soil makes sediment in the riverbed and causes frequent floods. So if w destroy 'trees at random, one day the country will turn into a great desert. All living animals and birds will not find any food or shelter to live in. There will be no rain and as a result, our agriculture will face a great crisis. The temperature will rise and it will cause greenhouse effect. The country will be unsuitable for living and various natural calamities like flood, drought, storm etc. will visit our country. In our country, the results of deforestation are obvious. A country requires 25% forest land for its ecological balance but we have now only 10%. This is an indication of bad future. We should come forward to plant more trees to ensure a healthy balance of our forest land.
Conclusion:
Deforestation problem is increasing day by day not only in Bangladesh but over the world. The international community is also working on the problem. The United Nations has already held several conferences on deforestation. This shows the world's awareness to combat deforestation. As a nation we also have some responsibilities. We should try to do our duties to prevent the deforestation process. So, more and more trees and plants should be put up in order to save, our environment from catastrophic debacle.
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